Do Eggs Need to Be Washed Before You Use Them?
Do You Need to Wash Eggs Before Cooking?
The question of whether to wash eggs before using them is more important than it seems—and the answer often depends on where your eggs come from. Handling eggs properly before they reach your pan or mixing bowl can make a big difference in food safety.
“Eggs look harmless—small, smooth, ordinary. Yet the way you handle them can quietly decide whether your breakfast nourishes or poses a risk.”
Some people wash every egg immediately after bringing them home, thinking it removes dirt or germs. Others avoid water entirely. The key to understanding which approach is safest lies in the egg’s natural biology—specifically, a hidden layer of protection that cannot be replaced once removed.
Nature’s Invisible Shield: The Egg Bloom
Every egg is born with a natural defense called the cuticle, or bloom. This nearly invisible coating seals microscopic pores in the shell, acting as armor against bacteria such as Salmonella.
The shell itself is covered in tiny pores. The bloom seals these pores, creating a natural barrier that prevents harmful bacteria from entering.
Washing unprocessed eggs under running water—especially if the water is cooler than the egg—can remove this protective layer. When that happens, bacteria can move from the outside of the shell to the inside. In other words, what feels like cleaning may actually reduce the egg’s natural protection.
Store-Bought Eggs
Handling differs depending on whether eggs are commercially processed.
In many countries, including the U.S., large egg producers wash and sanitize eggs immediately after collection. This removes the natural bloom, but it’s done using controlled processes, warm water, and approved sanitizers. Once sanitized, the eggs are refrigerated to maintain safety.
Key takeaway: If you buy eggs from a typical grocery store, they are already clean. Washing them again at home is unnecessary and could increase the risk of contamination.
Farm-Fresh Eggs
Eggs from small farms, backyard chickens, or local stands are usually unwashed, with the natural bloom intact. This coating provides important protection.
Tips for handling farm-fresh eggs:
- Avoid washing until you are ready to crack them.
- If an egg has visible dirt or feathers, gently spot-clean with a dry cloth or discard it.
Simple Rules for Safe Egg Handling
Regardless of source, follow these basic safety steps:
- Keep it Clean: Wash hands after handling eggs or the carton.
- Proper Storage:
- Store store-bought eggs in the fridge at 40°F (4°C) or below.
- Unwashed farm eggs can be stored at room temperature briefly, but refrigeration is safest for long-term storage.
- Cook Thoroughly: Ensure yolks and whites are fully cooked to reduce the risk of harmful bacteria.
